Humor Biology
- From a monkey mother's refusal to abandon her dead, desiccated infant to the cultural divergence between Eastern and Western civilizations: a hypothesis on the evolutionary legacy of Neanderthal genes
This article begins with observations of primates' behaviors toward the death of their conspecifics, exploring the evolutionary nature of self-awareness and the relationship between death cognition and survival strategies. It then proposes a hypothesis on the differential evolutionary legacy of Neanderthal genes: brain volume and structure among human populations were shaped by geographical environments, leading to innate differences in the balance between self-awareness, rationality, and emotion. Neanderthals, despite their large brain capacity and strong rationality, had weak empathy, which hindered large-scale cooperation and ultimately led to their replacement by Homo sapiens. In modern humans, European populations retain slightly more Neanderthal DNA than East Asian populations. This subtle genetic difference, amplified over time by environmental and cultural factors, eventually gave rise to the divergence in civilizational character—Western emphasis on individualism versus Eastern emphasis on collectivism. This hypothesis follows a materialist evolutionary logic, building a coherent and highly explanatory framework that connects animal behavior, human consciousness, archaic human evolution, and civilizational differences from a biological foundation.
- The Principle of Minimal Action under the ELO Algorithm: A Game-Theoretic Analysis of the "Prisoner Playstyle" in the Ranked System of League of Legends: Wild Rift
Abstract Objective: To address the dilemma of "the more you carry, the more you lose" caused by the ELO mechanism in League of Legends: Wild Rift, this study explores the effectiveness of the "Prisoner Playstyle" (a non-tanking strategy actively reducing individual game impact) based on the IKAP model in improving ranking efficiency. Methods: In a multicenter randomized controlled trial, 160 Diamond IV players were randomly assigned to the experimental group (IKAP-guided "Prisoner Playstyle") or control group (conventional carry gameplay). Win rate, MMR, KDA, and gaming anxiety were evaluated at baseline, 4 weeks, and 8 weeks post-intervention. Results: After 8 weeks, the experimental group showed significantly higher win rates (58.7% vs. 47.3%, P<0.001), lower KDA (2.1 vs. 5.8), and improved gaming anxiety (20.4 vs. 35.8) compared to controls. Conclusion: The IKAP-based "Prisoner Playstyle" effectively enhances ranking efficiency under the ELO mechanism and improves players' mental health, revealing the game-theoretic optimum of "low KDA, high win rate" in ELO algorithms.
- Research on mathematical evaluation model of feces aesthetics based on multi-dimensional morphological parameters
Purpose: establish an objective and quantitative fecal aesthetics evaluation system, converting traditional subjective aesthetics into a computable and reproducible mathematical model. Methods: Based on fecal science, color science,ological measurement, and chemical sensing technology, a fecal aesthetics evaluation framework was constructed, including color, shape, and odor dimensions. The color dimension was based on the CIE La*b* color space, defining an ideal "earthenware color" vector, and the CIE2000 color difference formula was used to calculate similarity. shape dimension introduced the Bristol stool classification method (BSFS), combined with contour curvature analysis, convex hull ratio calculation, and surface texture feature extraction, to quantify smoothness, firmness and anti-stickiness. The odor dimension used an electronic nose sensor array to establish a normalized odor intensity model. The weights of each dimension were determined by the analytic hierarchy process and the Fecal Aesthetics Index (FAI) was constructed. Results: The mathematical expressions of each dimension were successfully defined, a complete parameter calibration method was given, and feasibility of the model was verified through a simulation case. Conclusion: This model provides a theoretical framework and engineering implementation path for the objective aesthetics evaluation of feces, and has potential value in health monitoring, dietary assessment, and other fields.
- On the Gravitational Collapse of Compressed Academic Redundancy: Can arXiv.zip Form a Black Hole?
This paper first proposes and formalizes the “Academic Mass–Gravity Equivalence Principle” (AMGEP), asserting that academic outputs that are not understood or cannot be reproduced possess equivalent gravitational mass. Based on the full arXiv dataset as of December 31, 2025 (a total of 2,847,391 papers), we constructed a multi-scale model of academic quality and calculated its effective scholarly mass (ESM) after ZIP compression. The results show that the total ESM of arXiv.zip reaches 4.71 × 1018 𝑘𝑔, corresponding to a Schwarzschild radius of 𝑟𝑠 = 1.70 × 10−15 𝑚. Although a black hole has not yet formed on a macroscopic scale, locally high-redundancy regions (such as the “Introduction” and “Related Work” sections) already exhibit strong gravitational lensing effects and characteristics of a cognitive event horizon. More troublingly, we found that the unit-mass contribution of the word “novel” is 725 times that of ordinary vocabulary, while the reproducibility correction is almost negligible (𝛾 ≈ 10−30 𝑘𝑔). Simulations suggest that if current growth trends continue, arXiv will reach a critical knowledge density in 2047, triggering an irreversible knowledge singularity. We hereby call for the immediate launch of an “Academic Hawking Radiation Program(AHRP)” — systematically deleting PDFs containing buzzwords to release negative energy and delay the heat death of the universe. It is also recommended that NASA point the Webb Telescope at Cornell University servers to observe possible “academic Hawking radiation”.
- Why Sleeping F1 Drivers Fail to Win? An Empirical Investigation into the Effects of Non-REM and REM Sleep Phases on F1 Racing Performance Across Multiple Grand Prix Events
Formula One (F1) racing demands exceptional psychomotor vigilance, sub-second neuromuscular coordination, and continuous real-time decision-making from drivers operating vehicles at speeds exceeding 350 km/h. While extensive research has investigated driver performance optimization under wakeful conditions, a conspicuous gap persists: the systematic examination of racing performance during sleep states remains entirely unexplored. This paper presents the first empirical investigation into the effects of Non-Rapid Eye Movement (Non-REM) and Rapid Eye Movement (REM) sleep phases on F1 racing performance. We conducted a controlled experimental study wherein the first author performed 47 complete laps on a professional-grade F1 simulator while polysomnography confirmed sustained sleep states. Our multidisciplinary analysis integrates perspectives from aerodynamics, neuroscience, and biomechanics. Telemetry data reveals significant performance degradation, with reaction times increasing by over 4,000\% compared to wakeful baselines, and critical vehicle control inputs demonstrating near-complete cessation. Statistical analysis confirms a strong negative correlation between sleep state and race performance (r = -0.99, p < 0.001). We recommend that the Fédération Internationale de l'Automobile (FIA) incorporate a Sustained Cortical Vigilance Maintenance Protocol into the International Sporting Code.
- Epidemiology, Pathogenic Mechanisms, and Intervention Strategies for Hinamizawa Syndrome: A Comprehensive Report from Field Research in Hinamizawa Village
Hinamizawa Syndrome is a distinct neuropsychiatric syndrome confined to the population of Hinamizawa, manifesting as anxiety, persecutory delusions, self-harm impulses, perceptual abnormalities, and terminal violent behavior. Based on five consecutive years of field observations, clinical records, and anatomical analyses, this study systematically organizes the epidemiological characteristics, graded progression, biological basis, and environmental triggers of this syndrome. Results indicate that the syndrome is highly correlated with specific parasitic microorganisms and collective psychological stress, and significantly worsens under conditions of social isolation, displacement from ancestral lands, or disruption of religious beliefs. This paper proposes a five-stage progression model and comprehensive intervention strategy, providing a theoretical foundation for subsequent treatment and management.
- An Experiment on the Induction of Ritualized Behaviors and the Formation of Social Signals in the Multimodal Perception Feedback of Night Herons
The role of complex signals in shaping animal behavior has been mainly focused on contexts directly related to survival, such as courtship or vigilance. The cognitive threshold for abstract symbols (such as numbers) in non-human species limits the possibility of using modern information interfaces to study the plasticity of animal behavior. This study explores the feasibility of bypassing higher-level symbol cognition and directly using multimodal perceptual feedback (visual flicker frequency, auditory pitch) to induce and maintain non-functional behavioral patterns in animals.
- Case Studies and Behavioral Paradigms of Procrastination
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- What will happen when I say“FBI open the door！！！”
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- Morphological and Flavor Characteristics of a New Durian Cultivar ”Yingliu No.1” (Tentative Name) with Banana Aroma
This study reports a new fruit cultivar, banana-flavored durian (tentatively named ’Yingliu No.1’), obtainedvia cross-species flavor regulation technology. Morphologically, this cultivar exhibits a unique pinnate epidermalstructure and a yellow-to-white gradient color characteristic, while organoleptically, it successfully fuses the freshsweetness of banana with the rich mellow aroma of durian. We systematically analyzed its morphological traits,volatile flavor compound composition and sensory acceptability, which provides a novel theoretical and practicalreference for the innovative breeding and flavor improvement of tropical fruits.